The Role of Civic Education in Developing Students' Critical Thinking on Social Issues: A Qualitative Study in Junior High Schools in Lampung
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Abstract
Civics Education (PKn) plays a crucial role in developing students' critical thinking skills, particularly in addressing emerging social issues. This study aims to analyze the role of Civics in fostering students' critical thinking skills regarding social issues. The research employs a qualitative approach using a literature review (library research) method through the examination of relevant books and scientific journal articles. The data were analyzed using qualitative descriptive methods through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study indicate that CSE instruction can develop students' critical thinking skills through contextual learning that addresses social issues, such as misinformation, intolerance, bullying, and social inequality. Furthermore, the implementation of active learning models such as Problem-Based Learning (PBL), Project Citizen, and Project-Based Learning (PjBL) has proven effective in enhancing students' abilities to analyze, evaluate, and solve problems rationally. Therefore, Civic Education instruction must be designed to be more active and student-centered to ensure the optimal development of critical thinking skills
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