Citizenship Education Materials And Curriculum In Elementary Schools: Analysis of Student Participation in Civics Learning

Abstract

Student participation is a key factor in determining the success of Civics Education (PKn) learning in elementary schools. This study aims to analyze student participation in Civics learning, examine the suitability of learning materials with the Independent Curriculum, and identify challenges that influence active student engagement. The research employed a descriptive qualitative approach using semi-structured interviews with three elementary school teachers from different schools. Data were collected through direct interviews and analyzed descriptively to explore patterns of participation, curriculum implementation, and learning obstacles. The findings indicate that active student participation contributes significantly to the understanding and internalization of civic values. Teachers have implemented various strategies, including discussions, role-playing, games, project-based learning, and the Think Pair Share method to encourage engagement. Furthermore, learning materials aligned with curriculum objectives and students’ real-life experiences were found to increase motivation and participation. However, several obstacles remain, including low student self-confidence, diverse learner characteristics, limited learning resources, teacher-centered instructional practices, and unsupportive classroom environments. The study concludes that increasing student participation requires contextual learning materials, innovative teaching strategies, and a supportive learning environment. Collaboration among teachers, schools, parents, and students is essential to create meaningful Civics learning and strengthen students’ civic knowledge, skills, and character development